python ES connection to the server

Connecting to the Elasticsearch (ES) server is a common operation for data search and analysis.Elasticsearch is a Lucene-based search engine that provides a RESTful API for indexing, searching, and managing data.

Below is a detailed Python code example showing how to connect to an Elasticsearch server and perform some basic operations. This example uses the officialelasticsearch-pyClient libraries.

1. Install the Elasticsearch client library

First, you need to install theelasticsearchLibrary. If you haven't installed it yet, you can use pip to do so:

bash copy code

pip install elasticsearch

2. Connect to the Elasticsearch server

Below is a complete Python script showing how to connect to an Elasticsearch server, create an index, add documents, and perform a search.

from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch, helpers
  
# configureElasticsearchgrout
es = Elasticsearch(
    ['http://localhost:9200'], # Elasticsearchserver address and port
    http_auth=('username', 'password'), # If certification is required，Fill in your username and password
    use_ssl=False, # If you use theHTTPS，set toTrue
    verify_certs=False # If you use theHTTPSself-signed certificate，set toFalse
)
  
# 检查grout是否成功
if ():  
    print("Successfully connected to Elasticsearch!")
else:
    print("Could not connect to Elasticsearch")
    exit()
  
# Creating Indexes
index_name = 'my_index'
if not (index=index_name):  
    # Defining the mapping of an index（Schema）  
    mappings = {
        'properties': {
            'title': {'type': 'text'},
            'content': {'type': 'text'},
            'author': {'type': 'keyword'}  
        }  
    }  
    # Creating Indexes
    (index=index_name, body={'mappings': mappings})
    print(f"Index '{index_name}' created successfully.")
else:
    print(f"Index '{index_name}' already exists.")
  
# Adding Documents
documents = [
    {"_id": 1, "title": "Elasticsearch Basics", "content": "Learn the basics of Elasticsearch.", "author": "John Doe"},
    {"_id": 2, "title": "Advanced Elasticsearch", "content": "Go deeper into Elasticsearch features.", "author": "Jane Smith"},
    {"_id": 3, "title": "Elasticsearch Performance", "content": "Optimize Elasticsearch for performance.", "author": "Alice Johnson"}  
]  
  
# utilizationbulk API批量Adding Documents
actions = [
    {
        "_index": index_name,
        "_id": doc['_id'],
        "_source": doc
    }  
    for doc in documents
]  
  
(es, actions)
print("Documents added successfully.")
  
# Search Documents
search_body = {
    "query": {
        "match": {
            "content": "Elasticsearch"
        }  
    }  
}  
  
response = (index=index_name, body=search_body)
print("Search results:")
for hit in response['hits']['hits']:
    print(hit['_source'])
  
# clear up（selectable）：Delete Index
# (index=index_name)
# print(f"Index '{index_name}' deleted successfully.")

3. Code Interpretation

1. Connection Configuration:
   • Elasticsearch(['http://localhost:9200']): Connects to the Elasticsearch server running on the localhost on port 9200 by default.
   • http_auth=('username', 'password'): If the Elasticsearch server requires authentication, fill in the username and password.
   • use_sslcap (a poem)verify_certs: These options can be enabled if the connection uses HTTPS.
2. Check the connection:
   • utilization()method to check if the connection was successful.
3. Create an index:
   • utilization(index=index_name)Check if the index exists.
   • utilization(index=index_name, body={'mappings': mappings})Creates an index and defines the mapping of documents.
4. Add Documentation:
   • utilization(es, actions)Batch add documents to the index.
5. Search for documents:
   • utilization(index=index_name, body=search_body)Performs a search and prints the results.
6. Cleanup (optional):
   • utilization(index=index_name)Delete the index.

4. Cautions

• server address: Ensure that the Elasticsearch server is running and that the address and port are configured correctly.
• accreditation: If the Elasticsearch server requires authentication, make sure to provide the correct username and password.
• SSL: If the connection uses HTTPS, configure it correctlyuse_sslcap (a poem)verify_certsOptions.