Git Flow
Git Flow is a branch management model based on the Git version control system that defines a strict set of branch naming and manipulation conventions
The main types of branches include the following:
- Master: always stable, containing only well-tested and releasable code
- Development branch: Team members perform their daily development work on this branch, and all new features and functionality are first integrated and tested on this branch.
- Feature branches: created from the develop branch, used to develop new features or functionality, named at the beginning of feature/.
- Release branches: When the functionality on the development branch reaches the release conditions, a release branch is created from the develop branch for final testing and preparation of the release, starting with release/.
- Hotfix branches: Used to urgently fix problems in the production environment, they are created from the master branch and named with hotfix/ in the beginning. After the fix is completed, it needs to be merged into the master branch and the development branch at the same time.
Pros:
- Provides a clear, well-defined branch management process, suitable for large teams and complex project development, helping to improve the efficiency of teamwork and code quality
- Through different types of branches, you can better control the code release process and versioning to ensure the stability and reliability of the production environment.
Drawbacks:
- Higher learning costs, requiring team members to familiarize themselves with Git Flow's various branching operations and specifications, or else they will be prone to errors.
- Branch management is relatively complex, which may result in some extra time and effort being consumed in operations such as branch creation, merging and switching
GitHub Flow
GitHub Flow is a simplified branch management strategy based primarily on GitHub's workflow. It emphasizesFrequent creation of feature branchesThe code review is done by creating a Pull Request as soon as the development is completed, and after the review is passed, the code is merged into the master branch and deployed.
The master branch is always deployable, so you can deploy code from the master branch to production at any time.
The main types of branches include the following:
- Master: always stable, containing only well-tested and releasable code
- Feature branches: created from the master development branch, used to develop new features or functionality, named at the beginning of feature/.
- Hotfix branches: Used to urgently fix problems in the production environment, they are created from the master branch and named with hotfix/ in the beginning. After the fix is completed, it needs to be merged into the master branch and the development branch at the same time.
Pros:
- Simple, flexible, easy to understand and implement, suitable for agile development and continuous integration/continuous deployment workflows
- Ability to quickly push new features and enhancements to the production environment, facilitating rapid iteration and innovation by the team
Drawbacks:
- Higher requirements for code review and automated testing, as frequent updates to the trunk branch need to ensure that the quality of the code is high each time it is merged, otherwise the stability of the production environment may be affected
- When dealing with complex feature development and multi-team collaboration, more coordination and communication may be required to avoid conflict and confusion