The operating system is the core of the computer, which is used to manage and control computer hardware and is the most basic system software that directly runs on "bare metal".
All software must be supported by the operating system before it can be run. Its functions include memory management, processor management, device management, and file management.
Operating systems are divided into Window, Linux, and MacOS.
The Windows operating system is developed by Microsoft. Its advantages are: simple to operate and friendly to novices.
The Linux operating system evolved from Unix, with advantages: free, open source, and high degree of freedom.
The MacOS operating system was developed by Apple and is suitable for design.
A computer system consists of a hardware system and a software system.
Hardware systems include: CPU, internal memory, operator, controller, external memory, input device, and output device.
Software systems include: operating system, network system software, and application software.
The permissions that users and groups can execute files and software include: full control, modification, reading and running, listing folder directories, and writing.
Common users of Windows are: SYSTEM (the user with the highest permissions), and Administrator (the default system administrator user).
Commonly used groups in Windows are: SYSTEM (the group with the highest permissions), Administrators (administrators), and Users (ordinary user groups).
The relative path of Windows does not start with disk, the absolute path starts with disk.
GUI means graphical user interface.
Windows can use win+r keys to enter cmd to enter the terminal. You can also use win+x to select the terminal administrator and enter the terminal.
The following are the basic commands for Windows
net user view user
net user <user name> View user information
net user <username> <password> /add new user
net user <username> /del Delete user
net localgroup View group
net localgroup <group name> /add new group
net localgroup <group name> /del Delete group
net localgroup <group name> <user name> /add adds the specified user to the specified group
dir Displays all files and folders in the current directory
systeminfo View system information
whoami View current user
ipocnfig displays network information
ping Check whether the network connection is normal
TTL: How many devices does the traffic pass through.
You can judge the system from the subsequent TTL, the Linux system is generally 64, and the Windows system is generally 128.
cd enters the specified directory
cd -d Forced path switching
shutdown -s -t 10 shut down after 10 seconds
tasklist Check the process's PID and memory usage
netstat -ano view system open port
tasklist /svc View the correspondence between processes and services
color 0a Change the terminal background color and font color
tree View all directories and files in the path
. is the current path .. is the previous path Guest means the visitor
Next is the RDP remote desktop protocol
The RDP remote desktop protocol is a network communication protocol developed by Microsoft and built into the Windows operating system. The default port number is 3389.
The operation is as follows (This operation cannot be operated within the enterprise or company!!!)
1. Prepare two virtual machines, one for remote connection and the other for remote connection.
2. Both virtual machines must be configured with nat network mode to check whether the two virtual machines can ping.
3. The two virtual machines need to enable remote services.
4. The firewalls of the two virtual machines must allow remote services to pass.
5. Create a remotely connected virtual machine to use to log in remotely.
6. Add the newly created user to "remote desktop users" or Administrators on the remotely connected virtual machine.
7. Another one enters the IP address of the remote connected virtual machine on the remote desktop for remote connection.
8. After the link is successful, enter the newly created username and password.
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