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[Operating system] Computer resource virtualization technology

Popularity：291 ℃/2024-12-17 23:28:11

1 Definition: virtualization of computer resources

  • Server virtualization is achieved primarily throughsoftware technologycommander-in-chief (military)physical server(used form a nominal expression)hardware resource abstraction, create multiple independentvirtual server environment。

Virtualization technology is the core underlying technology that allows cloud computing, big data and AI to flourish today.

2 Virtualization Technology Direction

Here are some common server virtualization methods and tools:

Hypervisor-based virtualization

  • Hypervisor technology: also known asVirtual Machine Monitor（Virtual Machine Monitor，VMM), is a type of software that runs between the physical server and the operating system.

It allows multiple operating systems to run concurrently on the same physical server. the Hypervisor provides the core functionality of virtualization technology, enabling each instance of an operating system (i.e., a virtual machine) to run independently, as if they were each running on a separate physical machine.

groundHypervisortogether withHost OSrelationship, they can be divided into two broad categories:

  • Type-1 Hypervisor (Bare-Metal Hypervisor): Running directly on top of physical hardware.Not dependent on the host operating system。

This type of Hypervisor provides better performance and resource utilization because they directly control hardware resources.
Common implementations are: VMware vSphere ESXi, Microsoft Hyper-V, and Citrix XenServer.

  • Type-2 Hypervisor (host-type Hypervisor): runs on theHost OSabove

Commonly realized solutions are:VMware Workstation respond in singingOracle VirtualBox。
This type of Hypervisor is typically used in PCs or development environments because they do not require direct access to hardware resources.

Hypervisors are a key technology in modern data centers and cloud computing environments, and they enable more flexible and efficient use of server resources, as well as supporting the development of virtualization technologies.

  • Key features of the Hypervisor:
  1. Resource Management: The Hypervisor manages the resources of the physical server (such as CPU, memory, storage, and network interfaces) and allocates them to individual virtual machines.
  2. Isolation: The Hypervisor ensures that individual virtual machines operate in isolation from each other, and that a failure or security issue in one virtual machine does not affect other virtual machines.
  3. Scheduling: The Hypervisor is responsible for the allocation of CPU time and ensures that individual VMs have fair access to CPU resources.
  4. Device Emulation: The Hypervisor emulates hardware devices so that virtual machines can run as if they were on real hardware.
  5. Security: The Hypervisor provides a secure environment that prevents virtual machines from interfering with each other.

Operating System Level Virtualization

  • Virtualization is implemented at the operating system level by creating a virtualization system in thesingle operating systemCreating multipleSeparate user space instances。

The advantages of this approach are high resource utilization and fast startup, but relatively weak isolation
Common implementations include: Linux containers (e.g. Docker) and Solaris Zones, etc.

3 Virtualization tools

Common server virtualization tools

  • VMware vSphere/ESXi: An enterprise-class virtualization platform that delivers datacenter virtualization products and application and infrastructure management tools
  • Microsoft Hyper-V: provides Hypervisor-based server virtualization as part of Windows Server
  • Citrix XenServer: A server virtualization system based on the open source Xen hypervisor that delivers near bare-metal performance
  • Red Hat Virtualization (RHV): KVM-based virtualization platform for enterprise environments
  • Oracle VM: Delivering Scalable, Cost-Effective Server Virtualization
  • Proxmox VE: Debian-based open source virtualization platform that combines KVM and LXC technologies to provide an easy-to-use web interface and rich management features
  • KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine): open source and free, directly integrated into the Linux kernel, efficient performance

Note: Support for JVM-based, virtualized Windows

Each of these tools and approaches has its own characteristics and is suitable for different scenarios and needs, and you can choose the right virtualization solution based on your specific business needs.

Y FAQ

Q: What is the difference between VirtualBox vs.

  • VirtualBoxrespond in singingVMwareare two different types of virtualization software and they are compared with each other in the following ways : the
    - Open Source vs Commercial: VirtualBox is open source, VMware is a commercial product.
    - Scenario: VirtualBox is suitable for individuals and small businesses, VMware is suitable for large enterprises and data centers.
    - Performance: VMware Workstation Pro has high performance, especially in terms of 3D acceleration.
    - Management features: VMware is more powerful, VirtualBox is weaker.
    - Limitations: VirtualBox has some limitations on virtual machines, such as the number of CPU cores.

For more information see.Revisiting VirtualBox vs. VMware, VirtualBox isn't as bad as you think -

  • VirtualBox
  • Parent Company: Oracle (Oracle)
  • Official website.
  • Download./wiki/Downloads
  • /virtualbox/7.1.4/VirtualBox-7.1.
  • Source Code./wiki/Community 
svn co /svn/vbox/trunk vbox
  • VMware
  • Parent Company: Broadcom
  • Official website./ |
  • Download.

/products/desktop-hypervisor/workstation-and-fusion
/group/ecx/productfiles?subFamily=VMware%20Workstation%20Pro

Q:If you classify virtualization technologies by cpu emulation or not, how can you divide them?

  • Code to emulate cpu's: qemu, bochs, pcem, more thorough emulation, suitable for OS programming and research.

Running slightly slower is an inevitable result of the code emulating the cpu, and the average user will count on speed. But for the programmers of the underlying programming, the first category has the widest adaptability, and can run various other cpu's on x86 models, which the second category can't do.

  • The ones that use the host cpu directly: vmware, virtualbox, kvm, good for running general software.

As for the difference between vmware and virtualbox, at the moment, of course, vmware still has better performance and more segmented features, such as commercial servers are to choose vmware.

X References

  • Kimi GPT : What is hypervisor?
  • Kimi GPT : What are the approaches and tools for server virtualization?
  • [Linux] Vmwaer Creates CENTOS7 Virtual Machine - Blogspot / thousandworlds
  • [Windows/Linux] Identify servers: Virtual Machine | Physical Machine ? - Blogs/Children's World [Recommended
  • [Linux] Xmanager+Xshell Remote Management of Desktop CentOS Virtual Machines on Desktop CentOS Physical Servers - Blogspot/Children's World
  • [OS] Installing VMWare Workstation 17 on a Windows-based host - Blogspot/Children's World
  • [OS/Virtualization/Linux/Windows] Installing VisualBox Virtual Machine and Virtual Operating System - Blogland/Thousands of Universe [Recommended
  • [Docker/K8S] The Difference Between Docker and K8S - Blogspot/Children's Universe [Recommended

The evolution of virtualization technology / Virtual Machines VS. Docker

  • [Docker] Docker Basic Tutorial (Concepts/Principles/Basic Operations) - Blogspot/thousandworlds
  • [Cloud Computing] Conceptual Discussion: Cloud Computing [IaaS/PaaS/SaaS & Public/Private/Hybrid Clouds] - Blogspot/Children's World [Recommended
  • [Virtualization] K8S Overview - Blogspot / Thousands of Universe
  • Virtual Machines: Which is better, VMware or VirtualBox? - Zhihu
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